Component parts of building

Component parts of building

The building basically consists of three parts namely,

1) Foundation

2) Plinth and

3) Super structure

Foundation : It is the lowest artificially prepared part below the surface of the surrounding ground which is indirect contact with sub-strata and transmits all the loads to the ground (or sub-soil).

Plinth : It is the middle part of the structure, above the surface of the surrounding ground up to the surface of the floor immediately above the ground. Its function in the building is same as of sub-structure in the case of the bridge.

Super structure : It is that part of the structure which is constructed above the plinth level (i.e., ) ground level A building in general made of the following structural components.

1. Foundation

2. Plinth

3. Walls and piers in super structure

4. Ground, basement and upper floors

5. Doors and windows

6. Sills, Lintels and weather shades

7. Roofs8. Steps and stairs

9. Finishes for walls

10.Utility fixtures

Each of these components is an essential part of a building and requires due consideration in design and construction for their functional performance.